People

 

People mentioned in the Letters


Edward Blake
General Sir Isaac Brock
George Brown
Sir Alexander Campbell
Colonel Sir C.S. Gzowski
Sir Francis Bond Head
The Marquis of Lansdowne
Sir John A. Macdonald

Alexander McKenzie
Walter Moberly
Sir Oliver Mowat
Sir John Beverley Robinson
Sir Collingwood Schreiber
Governor John G. Simcoe
Bishop John Strachan
Sir John S. D. Thompson
Sir Charles Tupper


Edward Blake (1883-1912) (*)

Blake was born in Adelaide Township, County of Middlesex, Upper Canada, son of a leading lawyer and legal education pioneer William Hume Blake. In 1871 he became the second Premier of Ontario. He joined Alexander Mackenzie's Liberal government in 1873. He served as Minister without Portfolio (1873-74), Minister of Justice (1875-77) and was President of the Privy Council (1877-78); he was also Leader of the Liberal Party in (1880-82). He resigned the party leadership in 1887 and left Canadian politics 1891. He resumed his career in the British House of Commons and returned to Canada for his retirement in 1906.

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General Sir Isaac Brock (1769-1812)

Brock was born at St. Peter Port, Island of Guernsey. He arrived in Canada in 1802. In 1811 he was promoted to Major-General. Prior to serving in the War of 1812 he was named President and Administrator of Upper Canada. He was killed in battle by a sharpshooter during the American Battery at Queenston Heights and is remembered in Canadian History as a heroe of Upper Canada.

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George Brown (1818-1880) (*)

Brown was born at Alloa, Scotland and arrived in Toronto in 1843 where he entered the newspaper business. In 1844 he started the Toronto Globe which defended many Reform interests. In 1864 Brown joined forces with Conservative leaders Sir John A. Macdonald, Sir Alexander T. Galt and Sir George-Étienne Cartier and formed a coalition which helped propel the interests of the Confederation. He was an important participant in the Charlottetown Conference and the Quebec Conference. He resigned the coalition in 1865. Brown ran in the first federal elections of 1867 but was defeated. He was appointed to the Senate in 1874. He then left Parliament and continued work on his newspaper. Later in life he was active in Ontario party politics. He died when he was shot by a disgruntled former Globe employee.

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Sir Alexander Campbell (1822-1892)

Alexander was born at the Village of Hedon, Yorkshire, England and became John A. Macdonald's second articled student at the young age of 17. He rose to become Macdonald's law partner and was also successful in business. He was called to the Senate in 1867. Thereafter, he held several positions including: Commissioner of Crownlands, Minister of the Interior, Receiver General and Minister of Justice to name a few. He was leader of the Opposition Party and he attended the Quebec Conference and was named a Father of the Confederation. In 1887 he became Lieutenant-Governor of Ontario.

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Col. Sir Casimir Stanislaus Gzowski(1813-1898) (*)

Born in St. Petersberg (Leningrad), Russia. He came to Canada in 1841. He was an engineer and became a superintendent of public works of the Province of Canada. In 1853 he started Gzowski and Company. He built part of St. Lawrence and Atlantic Railroad and also a portion of the Grand Trunk Railway Line. He was one of the founders of the Canadian Society of Civil Engineers and also its first president. He served the Canadian militia as both Lieutenant-Colonel and Colonel.

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Sir Francis Bond Head (1793-1875)

Bond Head was born at Higham, Kent, England and was appointed Lieutenant-Governor of Upper Canada in 1835. He served with the Royal Engineers. He retired as a Major and authored several travel books. He sympathized with Reformers upon his arrival in Canada but when they censured him he dissolved the House, ran and won at the polls in 1836. He soon grew to oppose the Reformers. He was connected to the Rebellion of 1837 in Upper Canada and was recalled from his post in 1838 and did not serve in office again.

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The Marquis of Lansdowne (1845-1927) (Lansdowne, Henry Charles Keith Petty-Fitzmaurice, 5th Marques of) (*)

Lansdowne was born at Lansdowne House, London, England. He was one of the Lords of the Treasury from 1868 to 1872. For the next 2 years he served as the Under-Secretary for India. He was Governor-General of India until 1893 and became Secretary of State for War from 1895-1900, Foreign Secretary from 1900-1905 and Minister Without Portfolio from 1915- 1916. He was Governor-general of Canada from 1883-88 during the difficult period of the North-West Rebellion.

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Sir John Alexander Macdonald (1815-1891)

Macdonald was born in Glasgow, Scotland. He came to Canada in 1820. He was the first Prime Minister of Canada and took office on July 1, 1867. He was one of the principal creators of the British North America Act under which the provinces were united to form Canada as a Confederation. During his first term, 4 provinces (Manitoba, Northwest Territories [now Saskatchewan and Alberta], British Columbia and Price Edward Island) were added to the original four (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario and Quebec) and the Intercolonial Railway was begun. Mackenzie succeeded Macdonald as Prime Minister from 1873-1878, but he returned to power and served as PM until his death in 1891. During his second term he completed the transcontinental CPR (Canadian Pacific Railway) and promoted the protective tariff of Canadian manufacturing through high tariffs on foreign imports.

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Alexander McKenzie (1822-1892)

Mackenzie was born in Dunkeld, Perthshire, Scotland and arrived in Canada in 1842. He was elected to the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada in 1861. He was elected to the House of Commons and the Legislative Assembly of Ontario in 1867. Mackenzie formed the first Liberal administration in 1873. In 1880 he resigned his post as Leader of the Liberal Party. He was the second Prime Minister of Canada from 1873-78.

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Walter Moberly (1832-1915)

Moberly was born in Steeple Aston, England and came to Canada at a young age. He became Superintendent of Public Works of British Columbia in 1859. He was Assistant Surveyor General of BC from 1864-66. He left for the United States for the following four years and was involved in railroad exploration and building. Upon his return and was put in charge of surveys for the Rocky Mountain and British Columbia sections of the CPR (Canadian Pacific Railway) in 1871. After this he found employment as an Engineer in Manitoba.

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Sir Oliver Mowat (1820-1903)

Mowat was born at Kingston, Upper Canada and became John Macdonald's first articled law student. He was called to the bar in 1841. He sympathized with the Reform Party and he sat in the Assembly of the Province of Canada from 1858-1864. He participated in the Quebec Conference and was a Father of Confederation. He became Chancellor of Ontario until 1872 when he became Premier. He held the position and was also Attorney General until 1896 when he was appointed to the Senate and became the Federal Minister of Justice. He was knighted in 1892 and became Lieutenant-Governor of Ontario in 1897. He retired and accepted the Lieutenant-Governorship of Ontario, a position he held until his death. He was the first significant provincial-rights advocate and successfully challenged John A. Macdonald and his government to change the view of Canada and the role of its provinces.

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Sir John Beverley Robinson (1791-1863)

Robinson was born at Berthier, Lower Canada. He was educated in part under John Strachan. In 1812 he was militia officer under Isaac Brock. He became Acting Attorney General in 1813, was Solicitor General after the War and then returned to England to finish his legal studies. Once he finished his studies he was appointed Solicitor General once more and was elected to the Assembly in 1820. He was a prominent member of the Family Compact. He acted as Attorney-General until 1829, when he became Chief Justice, Speaker of the Legislative Council and President of the Executive Council. He was Chief Justice until 1862 was was the first president of the Court of Error and Appeal.

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Sir Collingwood Schreiber (1831-1918)

Schreiber was born in Essex, England. He came to Canada in 1852. In 1873 he became Chief Engineer of the Government Railways and in 1880 he succeeded Sir Sandford Fleming as Chief Engineer of the Canadian Pacific Railway. In 1892 he was named Chief Engineer of the Department of Railways and Canals. In 1905 he was appointed Chief Engineer to the Dominion Government.

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Governor John Graves Simcoe (1752-1806) (*)

Simcoe was born at Cotterstock, Northamptonshire, England. He was Commander of the Queen's Rangers during 1777-1781 of the American Revolution. In 1790 he was elected to the House of Commons and a year later he became the first Lieutenant-Governor of Upper Canada. He arrived in Canada in 1792. He founded York, now Toronto, and he laid a foundation for a road system. In 1794 he was made Major-General. He left Canada in 1796 to become the Governor of Santo Domingo (now Haiti) and then was Commander of the Western District in England. In 1806 he became Commander-In-Chief of India.

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Bishop John Strachan (1778-1867) (*)

Bishop Strachan was born at Aberdeen, Scotland. Strachan was ordained in 1803 by Bishop Jacob Mountain. He arrived in Canada in 1799. He started a school in Cornwall, Upper Canada and he accepted the rectorship of York, now Toronto in 1812. He was active in helping against American influence in Canada during the War of 1812. Many of his former pupils held important posts in government. He was made Executive Councillor in 1817 and Legislative Councillor in 1820. He strongly defended an Anglican dominance in politics and education and was removed from the Executive Council in 1835 by Lieutenant-Governor Sir John Colbourne. He received another political blow when the Family Compact was destroyed by the union of Upper Canada and Lower Canada in 1841. In 1839 he became Bishop of Toronto. He opened Trinity College in 1852.

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Sir John Sparrow David Thompson (1845-1894) (*)

Thompson was born at Halifax, Nova Scotia. He became Attorney-General in 1878. In 1885 he became Minister of Justice in Sir John A. Macdonald's government and was also Member of Parliament for Antigonish. In the position of Minister of Justice he handled the debate on the Execution of Louis Riel. In 1892 he became the 4th Prime Minister of Canada upon Sir John Joseph Caldwell Abbot's retirement at the age of 48, and held the position until his death in 1894. A major contribution of Thompson's was the Canadian Criminal Code of 1892.

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Sir Charles Tupper (1821-1915)

Tupper was born in Amherst, Nova Scotia and was one of the original Fathers of the Confederation. After obtaining his diploma he practiced as a doctor in Nova Scotia and was the first President of the Canadian Medical Association. He was Provincial Secretary from 1856 to 1860 and was Prime Minister of Nova Scotia from 1864 to 1867. He held positions such as President of the Privy Council (1870-72), Minister of Inland Revenue (1872-73), and Minister of Customs (1873); during John A. Macdonald's first term in office. During the next term he served as Minister of Public Works (1878-79), and Minister of Railways and Canals (1879-84). In the 1887-88 period he served as Minister of Finance. Tupper was Prime Minister in 1896 and served for only 10 weeks when he was forced to retire after suffering political defeat in the general election.

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Information for this section was taken from: The Canadian Encyclopedia. Editor in Chief James H. Marsh. Edmonton: Hurtig Publishers, c1985; and The MacMillan Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Edited by W. Stewart Wallace. 4th edition. Toronto : Macmillan of Canada, c1978.


 

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